2004 Programme

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Alternative Spiritualities and New Age Studies  
Conference
: Friday 21 May 2004
University of Wolverhampton, England

The University of Wolverhampton, England hosts the second international conference on ALTERNATIVE SPIRITUALITIES AND NEW AGE STUDIES. The conference theme is ‘ASANAS Goes Mainstream?’ and aims to highlight areas where alternative spiritualities are increasingly accepted into mainstream society and academia.  

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J GORDON MELTON
How the New Age Is Redefining Western Religious History - Listen now
The first major clue in understanding a particular religious/spiritual group derives from a review of the tradition from which it originates. However, much of our consideration of various esoteric groups has been ahistorical, as if each was genuinely new, lacking any significant historical lineage. That situation is rapidly changing with the mapping of Esotericism presence throughout Western history and its role as the major competitor of Christianity. In the next generation, scholars will rewrite Western religious history acknowledging the role of "occult" religions and their perennial challenge to Christianity's dominance. To accomplish their task, scholars will have to overcome the marginalization of Esotericism whose practitioners are dismissed as either satanically evil, perpetuators of pseudoscience, or less-than-serious religiously. The fact that Esotericism claims more than half of all of the participants in Western alternative religion suggests esoteric practitioners stand ready to join the shaping the ever-evolving Western culture.

GRAHAM HARVEY
Studying Paganisms to refine academic methodologies - Listen now

The notion of objectivity seems so central to many academics that they forget that it is contested not only by religionists but also by other academics. This paper notes that Paganisms are thoroughly participative practices and thus challenge academics to consider positions and methods for research and writing. But developments among ethnographically orientated scholars in a wide range of disciplines generate even more significant debates and possibilities for academic engagements. Key terms in this paper will be dialogue, reflexivity, reciprocity and guesthood.

Ali Kion Ahadi, Goldsmiths College
Internet Spirituality and the Reinvention of Knowledge: The case of Zeta Talk and The Cassiopaea Experiment - Listen now
My paper will demonstrate how two new Internet based spiritualities, Zeta Talk and The Cassiopaea Experiment (both founded in 1995), have attempted to reinterpret human knowledge based on alleged contact with more advanced beings. Nancy Lieder's telepathic contact with the Zetas (alien beings) and Laura Knight Jadczyk channelling of the Cassiopaeans (beings from our future) inform us that: Human life as we know it is a lie and that malevolent forces from the beginning of time have controlled man through his religions and politics. They suggest imminent pole shifts after which this earthly life, as we know it, will be altered for the better heralding a new age of peace and love. I argue both spiritualities represent the reflexive nature of modernity (following Giddens): They reinterpret older religious ideas, propose an alternative human history and debunk and reformulate modern scientific knowledge to give normative authority to justify their sham traditions.
Mike King, Centre for Postsecular Studies, London Metropolitan University
The New Age, the Postsecular, and Critical Scholarship - Listen now
This paper will present the work of the Centre for Postsecular Studies, outlining in some detail the concept of Postsecular Studies and how it differs from New Age Studies. Postsecular Studies implies three ages: presecular, secular, and an emerging postsecular period, while New Age implies two ages: the age of Pisces and the age of Aquarius. A postsecular analysis of emerging spiritualities hence poses questions about how the secular era came into being, and how a renewed openness to questions of the spirit is now eroding secular shibboleths of materialism and atheism. The
New Age analysis of the historical vectors on spirituality relies rather on esoteric knowledge, principally astrology. We suggest that the two approaches are complementary, and that both can give rise to critical scholarship. The New Age is open to accusations of a 'flat-land' lack of discrimination through naivety, while Postmodernism is accused of the same via sophistry: Postsecular Studies as a new discipline has the chance to avoid both extremes.
Kennet Granholm, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland
Feminine Symbolism and the Left Hand Path - Listen now
Dragon Rouge is a dark magickal order founded in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1990. The order uses a great deal of feminine symbolism in its teachings, including the utilization of dark female goddesses and demons in rituals and magickal texts. Furthermore, the order has attracted a percentage of female members uncommonly high for spiritual organizations of this kind. Why is the feminine symbolism preferred to masculine symbolism, in an order founded by men? What consequences does the use of female symbolism have on the teaching and practice of Dragon Rouge? What are the implications for female members in an organization with such strong female symbolism? The discursive practices favoring feminine attributes to the divine would seem have consequences for the female members of a spiritual organization, but what does this bode for the organizational standing of the female members. These are questions that I will try to answer in my paper.
Justin Woodman, Department of Anthropology, Goldsmiths College
Demonic Spiritualities and the Demons of Modernity - Listen now
Based on anthropological fieldwork conducted in London between 1997-2001, this paper examines the significance of contemporary 'demonic' spiritualities encompassed by the magical philosophies of Aleister Crowley and 'Chaos magic'. Drawing on recent theoretical formulations concerning the 'modernity' of postcolonial African witchcraft, the paper demonstrates how Western magical categories of the demonic are constituted around an intrinsically 'modern', psychologistic, extraterrestrialist and morally ambivalent concept of 'alien otherness': a concept seen - paradoxically - to be disruptive of the very rationalising ascriptions of Enlightenment modernity which birthed it. The paper therefore claims that while the demonic both critiques and makes transparent the occluded and alienating effects of transglobal capitalistic modernity, its very ambivalence also gives voice to a 'Faustian' perception of commoditised modernity as alluring and desirable. As a consequence, the paper demonstrates that contemporary Western demonic spiritualities are not so much marginal and resistant to the mainstream hegemonic centres of modernity, but exist in a juxtaposed relationship with those centres.
Jenny Butler, University College, Cork
Neopaganism and the Domain of Alternative Healing in Contemporary Ireland - Listen now
Dorota Hall, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
ASANAS goes mainstream, or mainstream goes ASANAS? New Age in the local context (Poland) - Listen now
Speaking about New Age that goes mainstream (or does not) is extremely problematic on the Polish ground. Generally, the New Age came to Poland with the ideological pluralism of the 90s. Thus, its emergence and growth should be seen in the broader context: as one of the components of many changes after communism. Now, it is hard to judge, whether one should reflect, if ASANAS goes Polish mainstream, or on the contrary: mainstream goes ASANAS. I am going to show that setting an example of the Polish mainstream religion (Catholicism) and its interaction with the New Age spirituality.
Simultaneously, my paper could be handled as a postulate on the thick description in the New Age studies (without the clichés of globalization, secularization etc.) - I am convinced that we could say much more about the New Age taking into consideration the local context of its emergence.
I am going to give an anthropological outlook on the theme on the ground of the ethnographic research, that has been realized under my direction by students of the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology of the Warsaw University since 2000.
Ieuan Jones, University of York
The Imbolc Fire Festival in Marsden: A Case of Civic Paganism? - Listen now